Order of Battle

From TEN CRUCIAL DAYS: Washington's Vision for Victory Unfolds

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American Troops in South Jersey – December 25, 1776

Griffin’s Brigade, New Jersey Militia (Col. Samuel Griffin) - 497

1st Cumberland County Regiment (Col. Silas Newcomb)

2nd Cumberland County Regiment (Col. David Potter)

1st Gloucester County Regiment (Col. Enos Seeley)

2nd Gloucester County Regiment

(Col. Joseph Ellis) Captain Zephaniah Steelman, Forest Belanger, James Giberson

3rd Gloucester County Regiment (Col. Richard Somers)

1st Salem County Regiment (Col. Samuel Dick)

2nd Salem County Regiment (Col. John Holme)

Virginia Artillery (2 companies)

Source: Smith, Trenton, 29

All New Jersey militia regiments were in disarray in December 1776 due to structural changes made during the months of the New York campaign and the formation of the five-month levies, whose enlistments expired at the end of November. All these regiments should be considered as partial, and commanding officers may not have been present.

British Troops at Trenton and Bordentown area on December 25, 1776

Trenton

Rall’s Hessian Brigade

(Col. Johann Rall) –1382

Rall Regiment

(Lt. Col. Balthasar Brethauer) – 512 effective

Major Johann Matthaeus, Captain Henrich Bocking, Lieutenant Colonel Batthas Brethauer, Captain Johann Brubach, Lieutenant Johann Sternickle

Knyphausen Regiment

(Maj. Friedrich Ludwig von Dechow) – 429 effective

Major Friedrich von Dechow, Captain Friedrich von Biesenrodt, Lieutenant Andreas Wiederholdt, Henrich Kothe, Corporal Kustner

Von Lossberg Regiment

(Lt. Col. Francis Scheffer) – 345

Major Ludwig von Hanstein, Captain Ernst Altenbockum, Staff Captain Friedrich Wilhelm von Benning, Captain Emanuel von Wilmousky, Lieutenant George Christian Kimm, Lieutenant Jacob Piel, Lieutenant Ernst Schwabe, Second Lieutenant Georg Hermann Zoll, Ensign Friedrich Grabe, Ensign Christian von Hobe, Friedrich Hartmann, Kurt Mensing, Philip Obenhausen, Freidrich Wilhelm Oliva

Jäger Corps, 1 company

(Capt. Friedrich von Grothausen) - 50

Lieutenant Friedrich von Grothausen,

(Corporal Franz Bauer)

20 troops of the 16th Light Dragoons

(Lt. Col. William Harcourt)

Artillery – six 3-pounder guns (Lt. Friedrich Fischer and Lt. Johann Engelhardt) 2 guns with each regiment

Burlington, Bordentown, and vicinity

Donop’s Hessian Brigade

(Col. Carl von Donop) – 1,500

Bloch Grenadier Battalion

(Lt. Col. Justus von Bloch)

Minnegerode Grenadier Battalion

(Lt. Col. Friedrich von Minnegerode)

Linsing Grenadier Battalion

(Lt. Col. Otto von Linsing)

Jäger Corps (Col. Carl von Donop) Capt. Johann Ewald

42nd Regiment of Foot, Royal Highland Regiment

(Lt. Col. Thomas Stirling)

Artillery - 7 or 8 guns

Source: Fischer, Washington’s Crossing, 394-396.

Troops with Washington – December 25, 1776

Brigadier General William Alexander, Lord Stirling’s Brigade – 673

1st Virginia Regiment

(Col. Isaac Read, Capt. John Fleming) – 185

Captain Graham, Lieutenant Abraham Kirkpatrick, Lieutenant Bartholomew Yates, Jonathan Grant

Delaware Regiment

(Col. John Haslet) – 108

Captain Thomas Holland

3rd Virginia Regiment

(Col. George Weedon) – 181

Major Fleming, Captain John Chilton, Captain John Thornton, Captain William Washington, Lieutenant James Monroe, Sergeant Thomas McCarty

Miles’ Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment

(Maj. Ennion Williams) – 199

Captain John Marshall, Sergeant James McMichael, Cary McClelland

Brigadier General Adam Stephen’s Brigade – 549

4th Virginia Regiment

(Col. Thomas Elliott) – 229

Captain George Wallis, Ensign James Buxton, Ensign William Dennis Kelley

5th Virginia Regiment

(Col. Charles Scott) – 129

Major George Johnston, Major Thompson, Captain Henry Fauntleroy, Ensign Robert Beale

6th Virginia Regiment

(Col. Mordecai Buckner) – 191

Colonel Lawson, Major Richard Parker, Ensign James Barnett, George Blakey, William Montgomery

Brigadier General Hugh Mercer’s Brigade 838

Major John Armstrong, aide to Gen. Mercer

20th Continental (Connecticut) Regiment

(Col. John Durkee) – 313

Sergeant Nathaniel Root

Smallwood’s Maryland Regiment

(Lt. Col. John Stone) – 163

Captain Maynard, Cornelius Wells

27th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Israel Hutchinson) – 115

Col. Philip Burr

Bradley’s Battalion, Connecticut State Troops – 142

Philemon Baldwin

Maryland & Virginia Rifle Battalion Volunteers

(Capt. David Harris) – 105

2nd Maryland Regiment

(Col. Stewart)

John Boudy

Brigadier General Matthias Alexis Roche de Fermoy’s Brigade – 638

1st Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment

(Col.Edward Hand) – 254

Capt. Henry Miller, Jacob Bottomer, George Tilson

German Battalion [4 MD and 4 PA companies]

(Col. Nicholas Hausegger) – 374

Major Ludowick Weltner, Conrad Beam

Colonel John Glover’s Brigade – 977

Glover’s Marblehead (Massachusetts) Regiment

(On January 1, 1777, this would be designated at the 14^th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment) –

(Col. John Glover) - 177

Captain William Blackler, Captain Theophilus Munson

3rd Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment

(Col. Ebenezer Learned) - 217

John Dewey

19th Continental (Connecticut) Regiment

(Col. Charles Webb) - 216

Captain William Hull, Lieutenant Elisha Bostwick

23rd Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment

(Col. John Bailey) - 146

26th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment

(Col. Loammi Baldwin) - 221

Moses Smith

Colonel Paul Dudley Sargent’s Brigade – 827

16th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment

(Col. Paul Dudley Sargent) - 152

Oliver Corey, Jacob Francis, David How, Ebenezer White

Col. Andrew Ward’s Continental (Connecticut) Regiment - 157

6th Battalion, Connecticut State Troops

(Col. John Chester) - 260

13th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment

(Col. Joseph Read) - 122

Captain Oliver Pond, Christopher Burlingame

1st New York Continental Regiment

(Capt John Johnston) - 56

3rd New York Continental Regiment

(Lt. Col. Baron Friedrich von Weisenfels) - 80

Brigadier General Arthur St. Clair’s Brigade – 500

5th Continental Regiment (formerly 1st New Hampshire)

(Col. John Stark)

William Chamberlin

8th Continental Regiment (formerly 2nd New Hampshire)

(Col. Enoch Poor)

2nd Continental Regiment (formerly 3rd New Hampshire)

(Lt. Col. Israel Gilman)

15th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment

(all field officers absent)

Rev. David Avery, Sergeant Madden, John Greenwood

Colonel Henry Knox’s Regiment of Continental Artillery

(Colonel Henry Knox)– 418

New York Company of Continental Artillery

(Capt. Sebastian Baumann) 3 guns - 85

Massachusetts Company of Continental Artillery

(Capt. Lt. Winthrop Sargent) 2 guns – 55

Lt. Samuel Shaw

New York State Company of Artillery

(Capt. Alexander Hamilton) 2 guns – 36

Eastern Company, New Jersey State Artillery

(Capt. Daniel Neil) 2 guns – 63

Western Company, New Jersey State Artillery

(Capt. Samuel Hugg) 2 guns – 55

Hosea Husted

2nd Company, Pennsylvania State Artillery

(Capt. Thomas Forrest) 2 brass mounted 6-pounders – 52

Lieutenant Patrick Duffy, Sergeant Joseph White

2nd Company of Artillery, Philadelphia Associators

(Capt. Joseph Moulder)

3 guns – 85

Second Lieutenant Anthony Cuthbert, Sergeant Godfrey, Zebulon Applegate

Captain John Flahaven’s First New Jersey Regiment – A recruiting company of the Flahaven had been commissioned December 15, 1776 had about 40 men.

First Troop Philadelphia Light Horse

Captain Samuel Morris, Cornet John Dunlap, Corporal James Hunter

First Hunterdon County Militia Regiment - men detailed to be guides on the night march to Trenton - c25 Captain John Mott, Commanding

Individuals from disbanded Continental regiments from Fort Ticonderoga

Captain John Polehemus

Individual local Pennsylvania and New Jersey militiamen caught in the confusion of the time and not connected with their normal companies. John Burrowes

American Troops near Trenton Ferry – December 25, 1776

Ewing’s Brigade, Pennsylvania Militia of the Flying Camp – 826

Cumberland County Regiment

(Col. Frederick Watts)

Lancaster County Regiment

(Col. Jacob Klotz)

Cumberland County Regiment

(Col. William Montgomery)

York County Regiment

(Col. Richard McCallister)

Chester County Regiment

(Col. James Moore??)

Colonel Evans, Major Bell, Captain Thomas Strawbridge, Hugh Coppell, William Hutchinson, David Jackson, James Johnston, William McCracken

Bucks County Regiment

(Col. Joseph Hart)

(Colonels Watts, Montgomery, and McCallister were captured at Fort Washington and were prisoners in New York.)

Captain Jehu Eyre’s Pennsylvania militia artillery company - 67

Dickinson’s Brigade (Brig. Gen. Philemon Dickinson) – 500

1st Burlington County Militia Regiment

(Col. Joseph Borden)

2nd Burlington County Militia Regiment

(Lt. Col. Thomas Reynolds)

1st Hunterdon County Militia Regiment

(Col. Isaac Smith)

Lt. Col Abraham Hunt, Major Joseph Phillips, Captain Joseph Brearley, Captain John Mott, Captain Benjamin Van Cleve,

First Lieutenant Elias Hunt, James B. Green, Levy Hart, David Lanning, Joab Mershon, Titus Mershon, William Morris, Elias Phillips, John Phillips, John Stevens

2nd Hunterdon County Militia Regiment

(Col. Nathaniel Hunt)

3rd Hunterdon County Militia Regiment

(Col. David Chambers)

4th Hunterdon County Militia Regiment

(Col. John Mehelm)

Small units of militia from other counties

All New Jersey militia regiments were in disarray in December 1776 due to structural changes during the months of the New York campaign and the formation of the five-month levies whose enlistments expired at the end of November. All these regiments should be considered as partial and commanding officers may not have been present.

American Troops at Bristol – December 25, 1776

Cadwalader’s Brigade, Pennsylvania Associators (Colonel John Cadwalader) – 1,500

Morgan’s Regiment, 1st Battalion Philadelphia Militia

(Col. Jacob Morgan)

Major Joseph Cowperthwaite, Ensign Anthony Morris

Bayard’s Regiment, 2nd Battalion Philadelphia Militia

(Col. John Bayard)

Ensign Philip Hagner, Robert Wright

Cadwalader’s Regiment, 3rd Battalion Philadelphia Militia

(Lt. Col. John Nixon) Sergeant William Young, John Hood, John Keen

Matlack’s Rifle Battalion, Philadelphia Militia (Col. Timothy Matlack)

Dover (Kent County, Delaware) Light Infantry Company

(Captain Thomas Rodney) Lieutenant Mark McCall, Sergeant McKnatt, Mark Coudratt, Jonathan Lowber, Martinas Sipple, Nehemiah Tilton

Philadelphia Militia Artillery Company

Colonel Daniel Hitchcock’s Brigade – 822

4th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. John Nixon)

9th Continental (Rhode Island) Regiment (Col. James Varnum)

11th Continental (Rhode Island) Regiment (Col. Daniel Hitchcock),

Major Israel Angell, Captain Jeremiah Olney, Lieutenant James Bridges, Lieutenant Stephen Olney, Ensign Oliver Jencks

12th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Colonel Moses Little)

Lieutenant Joseph Hodgkins

Rhode Island State Regiment (Col. Christopher Lippitt)

Captain Loring Peck, Sergeant Daniel Smith, Sergeant John Smith, Consider Bowen, Preserved Buffington, Isaiah Crandall, John Howland, Philip Rodman

Continental Marines, recruited at the Tun Tavern, Philadelphia, 1776 (Capt. Robert Mullen)

Lt William Shippen

American Troops at Trenton - January 1, 1777

Sullivan’s Division (Maj. Gen. John Sullivan) – 1,200-1,400

St. Clair’s Brigade (Brig. Gen Arthur St. Clair)

Combined with remnants of Glover’s and Sargent’s brigades. Washington believed each regiment could muster fewer than 100 men.

1st New Hampshire Regiment (5th Continental Regiment) (Col. John Stark)

William Chamberlin

2nd New Hampshire Regiment (8th Continental Regiment) (Col. Enoch Poor)

3rd New Hampshire Regiment (2nd Continental Regiment) (Col. Alexander Scammell)

1st Massachusetts Continental Regiment (15th Continental Regiment) (Col. John Paterson)

Rev. David Avery, Sergeant Madden, John Greenwood

Remnants of Glover’s Brigade

4th Massachusetts Regiment (Col. William Shepard)

19th Continental (Connecticut) Regiment (Col. Charles Webb)

14th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. John Glover, absent)

23rd Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. John Bailey)

4th Battalion Philadelphia Militia Captain Samuel Massey, Lieutenant Charles Willson Peale

Remnants of Sargent’s Brigade

16th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Paul Dudley Sargent)

Oliver Corey, Jacob Francis, David How, Ebenezer White

Ward’s Connecticut Regiment (Col. Andrew Ward)

Connecticut State Troops (Col. John Chester)

13th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Joseph Reed)

Captain Oliver Pond, Christopher Burlingame

Greene’s Division (Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greene) - 1,400

Mercer’s Brigade (Brig. Gen. Hugh Mercer) - 300

Major John Armstrong, aide to Gen. Mercer

Smallwood’s Maryland Continental Regiment (Capt. John Stone) - c50

Captain Maynard, Cornelius Wells

Miles’s Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment (Maj. Ennion Williams) – 200

Captain John Marshall, Sergeant James McMichael, Cary McClelland

Rawling’s Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment (Col. Moses Rawlings) –

75 New Jersey State Artillery (Capt. John Niel), 2 guns

Stirling’s Brigade remnants attached to Mercer’s Brigade – 50

Haslet’s Delaware Continental Regiment (Col. John Haslet) – 5

Captain Thomas Holland

Read’s 1st Virginia Continental Regiment (Capt. John Fleming) -20

Captain Graham, Lieutenant Abraham Kirkpatrick, Lieutenant Bartholomew Yates, Jonathan Grant

3rd Virginia Regiment (Col. George Weedon, absent)

Major Fleming, Captain John Chilton, Captain John Thornton, Captain William Washington, Lieutenant James Monroe, Sergeant Thomas McCarty

Williams’s 6th Maryland Regiment (Col. Otho Holland Williams, absent)

Ewing’s Brigade of Pennsylvania Militia (Brig. Gen. James Ewing) – 600

Cumberland County Militia (Col. Frederick Watts)

Lancaster County Militia (Col. Jacob Klotz)

Cumberland County Militia (Col. William Montgomery)

York County Militia (Col. Richard McAllister)

Chester County Militia (Col. James Moore) Colonel Evans, Major Bell, Captain Thomas Strawbridge, Hugh Coppell

Bucks County Militia (Col. Joseph Hart)

Delaying Force sent toward Princeton on the Post Road – C.1000

Stephen’s Brigade (Col. Charles Scott) – 400

5th Virginia Continental Regiment (Col. Charles Scott, Maj. Josiah Parker)

Major George Johnston, Major Thompson, Captain Henry Fauntleroy, Ensign Robert Beale

4th Virginia Continental Regiment (Col. Elliott, Lt. Col. Robert Lawson)

Captain George Wallis, Ensign James Buxton, Ensign William Dennis Kelley

6th Virginia Continental Regiment (Col. Buckner, Maj. Richard Parker)

Colonel Lawson, Major Richard Parker, Ensign James Barnett, George Blakey, William Montgomery

Fermoy’s Brigade (Brig. Gen. Mathias-Alexis Roche-Fermoy) – 610

German Battalion (4 MD and 4 PA companies) (Col. Nicholas Hausegger) – 410

Major Ludowick Weltner, Conrad Beam

1st Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment (Col. Edward Hand) – 200

Capt. Henry Miller, Jacob Bottomer, George Tilson

2nd Company, Pennsylvania State Artillery (Captain Thoms Forrest)

Lieutenant Patrick Duffy, Sergeant Joseph White

Individuals from the Pennsylvania and New Jersey militias not connected with their normal regiments due to the organizational confusion arising from the Flying Camp and Five-month Levy units, whose enlistments had expired about December 1. John Stevens, Captain Benjamin van Cleve, General Nathaniel Heard, David Brearley, Colonel van Cleve, William Morris,

American Troops at Crosswicks – January 1, 1777 – 1,500

Cadwalader’s Brigade, Philadelphia Associators (Col. John Cadwalader) – 1,150

Morgan’s Philadelphia Militia Regiment (Col. Jacob Morgan)

Major Joseph Cowperthwaite, Ensign Anthony Morris

Bayard’s Philadelphia Militia Regiment (Col. John Bayard)

Ensign Philip Hagner, Robert Wright

Nixon’s Philadelphia Militia Regiment (Col. John Nixon)

Sergeant William Young, John Hood, John Keen

Matlack’s Philadelphia Rifle Battalion (Col. Timothy Matlack)

Henry’s Philadelphia Light Infantry (Capt. George Henry)

Chester County Militia (Commander unknown)

Colonel Evans, Major Bell, Captain Thomas Strawbridge, Hugh Coppell, William

Dover [Kent County, Delaware] Light Infantry Company (Captain Thomas Rodney) Lieutenant Mark McCall, Sergeant McKnatt, Mark Coudratt, Jonathan Lowber, Martinas Sipple, Nehemiah Tilton

Continental Marines (Maj. Samuel Nicholas)

Captain William Shippen

2nd Company of Artillery, Philadelphia Associators (Capt. Joseph Moulder) six-pounders, 2 three-pounders

Second Lieutenant Anthony Cuthbert, Sergeant Godfrey, Zebulon Applegate

Hitchcock’s Brigade (Maj. Israel Angell) - 353

4th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. John Nixon) - 63

9th Continental (Rhode Island) Regiment (Col. James Varnum) - 7

11th Continental (Rhode Island) Regiment (Col. Daniel Hitchcock, Major Israel Angell) - 120 Major Israel Angell, Captain Jeremiah Olney, Lieutenant James Bridges, Lieutenant Stephen Olney, Ensign Oliver Jencks

12th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Colonel Moses Little) - 3

Lieutenant Joseph Hodgkins

Rhode Island State Regiment (Col. Christopher Lippitt) - 160

Captain Loring Peck, Sergeant Daniel Smith, Sergeant John Smith, Consider Bowen, Preserved Buffington, Isaiah Crandall, John Howland, Philip Rodman

Forces at Bordentown – January 1, 1777 – 1800

***Brigadier General Thomas Mifflin*’s Brigade, Pennsylvania Continentals** – 1,500

2^nd Pennsylvania Regiment (Col. Philip De Haas)

4^th Pennsylvania Regiment (Col. Daniel Brodhaed) Captain John Lacy

10^th Pennsylvania Regiment (Col. Joseph Penrose) Major Adam Hubley

11^th Pennsylvania Regiment (Col. Richard Humpton)

12^th Pennsylvania Regiment (Col. William Cooke)

British and Hessian Troops January 2, 1777

On March to Trenton under Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis

Vanguard (Col. Carl von Donop)

1 company Hessian Jäger Corps (foot) (Capt. Johann Ewald)

1 company Hessian Jäger Corps (mounted) (Capt. Friedrich Lorey)

2 troops 16th Light Dragoons (Lt. Col. William Harcourt)

Light Infantry Brigade (Major General James Grant)

1st Light Infantry Battalion (Maj.Thomas Musgrave)

2nd Light Infantry Battalion (Maj. John Maitland)

Grenadier Battalion Köhler (Lt. Col.Johann Köhler)

42nd (Royal Highland) Regiment of Foot (Lt. Col. Thomas Stirling)

71st Regiment of Foot (Scotch Regiment)

Royal Regiment Artillery Detachment

Possibly four light 12-pounders, ten 6-pounders, eight 3-pounders, and two 5½-inch howitzers

(Duncan, Major Francis)

British Grenadiers and Guards Brigade (Lt. Col. the Hon. Henry Monckton)

1st British Grenadier Battalion (Lt. Col. William Medows)

2nd British Grenadier Battalion (Lt. Col. Henry Monckton)

1st Battalion Foot Guards (Brig. Gen. Mathew)

Captain Thomas Dowdeswell, Ensign Thomas Glyn

Hessian Brigade Grenadiers and Fusiliers

Grenadier Battalion Linsing (Lt. Col Otto von Linsing)

Grenadier Battalion Block (Lt. Col. Henrich von Bloch)

Grenadier Battalion Minnegerode (Lt. Col. Friedrich von Minnegerode)

Battalion of remnants of the Rall Brigade (Capt. Wilmousky)

Fulilier Battalion Loos (Col. Johann von Loos)

Detached at Maidenhead

Second British Brigade (Brig. Gen. Alexander Leslie)

5th Regiment of Foot (Lt. Col. William Walcott)

28th Regiment of Foot (Lt. Col. Robert Prescott)

Captain William Hall

35th Regiment of Foot (Lt. Col. James Cockburne)

49th Regiment of Foot (Maj. Cornelius Cuyler)

Sergeant Thomas Sullivan

Reserve Troops remaining at Princeton Troops at other posts in New Jersey

Brunswick and Raritan Landing garrisons -

46th Regiment of Foot (Gen. Vaughan)

2nd Battalion Foot Guards (Lt. Col James Ogilvie)

Elizabethtown garrison

Waldeck Regiment (Hessian)

71st Regiment of Foot (elements) (Gen. Vaughan)

2 troops of the 17th Regiment of Light Dragoons

Amboy garrison

33rd Regiment of Foot

57th Regiment of Foot

Hackensack-New Bridge garrison

7th Regiment of Foot

26th Regiment of Foot

The New York garrison

4^th Regiment of Foot

27^th Regiment of Foot

45th Regiment of Foot

First British Brigade

Some Hessian troops

Source: Fischer, Washington’s Crossing, 410-411; Smith, Princeton, 36-37.

British Troops at Princeton, January 3, 1777

4th Brigade (Lt. Col. Charles Mawhood)

55th Regiment of Foot - 250

Captain James Taylor Trevor

17th Regiment of Foot - 246

Captain-Lieutenant John McPherson, Lieutenant William Armstrong, Ensign George Inman, Peter McDonaldo

40th Regiment of Foot - 333

Captain William Bamford, Captain Robert Mostyn

16th Light Dragoon troop (dismounted) - 60?

16th Light Dragoon troop (mounted) - 30?

Captain Thomas Trewren, Lt. Simon Wilmot, Cornet Henry Evatt,

Artillery - four 6-pounders - c30

Troops in transit to units at Trenton

Grenadiers - 1 company (from 43rd and 52nd Regiments) - 32

Captain Thomas Williamson, Ensign Martin Hunter

Light Infantry – 1 company

44th Regiment- 50

42nd Regiment of Foot - 1 company – 50

American Troops at Princeton – January 3, 1777 - 5,600 to 5,800

Sullivan’s Division (Major General John Sullivan)

St. Clair’s Brigade (Brigadier General Arthur St. Clair) - 1,200 -1,400

(all regiment remnants - only the men who extended their enlistments)

Stark’s New Hampshire Continental Regiment (Colonel John Stark)

Reed’s New Hampshire Continental Regiment (Colonel James Reed, absent)

Poor’s New Hampshire Continental Regiment (Colonel Enoch Poor)

1st Massachusetts Continental Regiment (Colonel John Patterson)

4th Massachusetts Continental Regiment (Colonel William Shepard)

19th Massachusetts Continental Regiment (Colonel Charles Webb)

14th Massachusetts Continental Regiment (Colonel John Glover, absent)

23rd Massachusetts Continental Regiment(Colonel John Bailey)

16th Massachusetts Continental Regiment (Col. Paul Dudley Sargent)

Connecticut Regiment (Colonel Andrew Ward)

Connecticut State Troops (Colonel John Chester)

13th Massachusetts Continental Regiment (Colonel Joseph Read)

Greene’s Division (Major General Nathaniel Greene)

Mercer’s Brigade (Brigadier General Hugh Mercer) - 325-350

Major John Armstrong, aide to Gen. Mercer

Smallwood’s Maryland Continental Regiment (Captain John Stone) - 50

Captain Maynard, Cornelius Wells

Miles’ Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment (Major Ennion Williams) -200

Captain John Marshall, Sergeant James McMichael, Cary McClelland

Rawlings Maryland and Virginia Rifle Regiment (Colonel Moses Rawlings) - 75

New Jersey State Artillery (2 guns) (Captain John Neil) - 20 (?)

Second Pennsylvania Battalion/Third Pennsylvania Regiment

Captain Smith, John Gundrum, Jacob Hefflebower

Stirling’s Brigade - Remnant 50 - 75

Delaware Regiment (Colonel John Haslet) - 6

Captain Thomas Holland

1st Virginia Regiment (Captain John Fleming) - 20

Captain Graham, Lieutenant Abraham Kirkpatrick, Lieutenant Bartholomew Yates, Jonathan Grant

3rd Virginia Regiment (Colonel George Weedon, absent)

Major Fleming, Captain John Chilton, Captain John Thornton, Captain William Washington, Lieutenant James Monroe, Sergeant Thomas McCarty

6th Maryland Regiment (Colonel Otho Williams, absent)

Stephen’s Brigade (Colonel Charles Scott) - 400

4th Virginia Regiment (Lt. Colonel Robert Lawson)

Captain George Wallis, Ensign James Buxton, Ensign William Dennis Kelley

5th Virginia Regiment (Major Josiah Parker)

Major George Johnston, Major Thompson, Captain Henry Fauntleroy, Ensign Robert Beale

6th Virginia Regiment (Major Richard Parker)

Colonel Lawson, Major Richard Parker, Ensign James Barnett, George Blakey, William Montgomery

Fermoy’s Brigade (Brig. Gen. Mathias-Alexis Roche-Fermoy) -610

German Battalion [4 MD and 4 PA companies] (Col. Nicholas Hausegger) – 410

Major Ludowick Weltner, Conrad Beam

1st Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment (Colonel Edward Hand) - 200

Capt. Henry Miller, Jacob Bottomer, George Tilson

Cadwalader’s Brigade (Colonel John Cadwalader) - 1,150

1st Battalion Philadelphia Associators (Colonel Jacob Morgan)

Major Joseph Cowperthwaite, Ensign Anthony Morris

2nd Battalion Philadelphia Associators (Colonel John Bayard)

Lieutenant Charles Willson Peale, Ensign Philip Hagner, Robert Wright

3rd Battalion Philadelphia Associators (Colonel John Nixon)

Sergeant William Young, John Hood, John Keen

Philadelphia Rifle Battalion (Colonel Timothy Matlack)

Philadelphia Light Infantry Company (Captain George Henry)

Chester County Militia

Colonel Evans, Major Bell, Captain Thomas Strawbridge, Hugh Coppell, William

Dover [Kent County, Delaware] Light Infantry Company (Captain Thomas Rodney) Lieutenant Mark McCall, Sergeant McKnatt, Mark Coudratt, Jonathan Lowber, Martinas Sipple, Nehemiah Tilton

Continental Marines (Major Samuel Nicholas) - 58

Captain William Shippen

2nd Company of Artillery, Philadelphia Associators (Capt. Joseph Moulder)

Second Lieutenant Anthony Cuthbert, Sergeant Godfrey, Zebulon Applegate

Captain Jehu Eyre’s Pennsylvania militia artillery company – 67

Hitchcock’s Brigade Major Israel Angell - 353

Lippitt’s Rhode Island Regiment (Colonel Christopher Lippitt) - 160

Captain Loring Peck, Sergeant Daniel Smith, Sergeant John Smith, Consider Bowen, Preserved Buffington, Isaiah Crandall, John Howland, Philip Rodman

2nd Rhode Island Regiment (Colonel Daniel Hitchcock) - 120

Major Israel Angell, Captain Jeremiah Olney, Lieutenant James Bridges, Lieutenant Stephen Olney, Ensign Oliver Jencks

1st Rhode Island Regiment (Colonel James Varnum) -7

4th Massachusetts’s Regiment (Colonel John Nixon) - 63

12th Massachusetts’s Regiment (Colonel Moses Little) - 3

Lieutenant Joseph Hodgkins

Massachusetts’s Company of Continental Artillery (Captain Lt. Winthrop Sargent)

Mifflin’s Brigade (Brigadier General Thomas Mifflin) - 1,500

2nd Pennsylvania Regiment (Colonel Philip De Haas)

4th Pennsylvania Regiment (Colonel Daniel Brodhead)

10th Pennsylvania Regiment (Colonel Joseph Penrose)

11th Pennsylvania Regiment (Colonel Richard Humpton)

12th Pennsylvania Regiment (Colonel William Cooke)

Northumberland County (PA) militia (Col. James Potter)

Major John Kelly, George Espy

Northampton County (PA) militia

Ensign John Hendy

Source: Battle of Princeton Mapping Project

American Troops in South Jersey – December 25, 1776

**Griffin’s Brigade, New Jersey Militia (Col. Samuel Griffin) - 497**

1st Cumberland County Regiment (Col. Silas Newcomb)

2nd Cumberland County Regiment (Col. David Potter)

1st Gloucester County Regiment (Col. Enos Seeley)

2nd Gloucester County Regiment (Col. Joseph Ellis) Captain Zephaniah Steelman, Forest Belanger, James Giberson

3rd Gloucester County Regiment (Col. Richard Somers)

1st Salem County Regiment (Col. Samuel Dick)

2nd Salem County Regiment (Col. John Holme)

Virginia Artillery (2 companies)

Source: Smith, Trenton, 29

British Troops at Trenton and Bordentown area on December 25, 1776

Trenton

Rall’s Hessian Brigade (Col. Johann Rall) –1382

Rall Regiment (Lt. Col. Balthasar Brethauer) – 512 effective

Major Johann Matthaeus, Captain Henrich Bocking, Lieutenant Colonel Batthas Brethauer, Captain Johann Brubach, Lieutenant Johann Sternickle

Knyphausen Regiment (Maj. Friedrich Ludwig von Dechow) – 429 effective

Major Friedrich von Dechow, Captain Friedrich von Biesenrodt, Lieutenant Andreas Wiederholdt, Henrich Kothe, Corporal Kustner

Von Lossberg Regiment (Lt. Col. Francis Scheffer) – 345

Jäger Corps, 1 company (Capt. Friedrich von Grothausen) - 50

Lieutenant Friedrich von Grothausen, (Corporal Franz Bauer)

20 troops of the 16th Light Dragoons (Lt. Col. William Harcourt)

Artillery – six 3-pounder guns (Lt. Friedrich Fischer and Lt. Johann Engelhardt) 2 guns with each regiment

Burlington, Bordentown, and vicinity

Donop’s Hessian Brigade (Col. Carl von Donop) – 1,500

Bloch Grenadier Battalion (Lt. Col. Justus von Bloch)

Minnegerode Grenadier Battalion (Lt. Col. Friedrich von Minnegerode)

Linsing Grenadier Battalion (Lt. Col. Otto von Linsing)

Jäger Corps (Col. Carl von Donop) Capt. Johann Ewald

42nd Regiment of Foot, Royal Highland Regiment (Lt. Col. Thomas Stirling)

Artillery - 7 or 8 guns

Source: Fischer, Washington’s Crossing, 394-396.

Troops with Washington – December 25, 1776

Brigadier General William Alexander, Lord Stirling’s Brigade – 673

1st Virginia Regiment (Col. Isaac Read, Capt. John Fleming) – 185

Captain Graham, Lieutenant Abraham Kirkpatrick, Lieutenant Bartholomew Yates, Jonathan Grant

Delaware Regiment (Col. John Haslet) – 108

Captain Thomas Holland

3rd Virginia Regiment (Col. George Weedon) – 181

Major Fleming, Captain John Chilton, Captain John Thornton, Captain William Washington, Lieutenant James Monroe, Sergeant Thomas McCarty

Miles’ Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment (Maj. Ennion Williams) – 199

Captain John Marshall, Sergeant James McMichael, Cary McClelland

Brigadier General Adam Stephen’s Brigade – 549

4th Virginia Regiment (Col. Thomas Elliott) – 229

Captain George Wallis, Ensign James Buxton, Ensign William Dennis Kelley

5th Virginia Regiment (Col. Charles Scott) – 129

Major George Johnston, Major Thompson, Captain Henry Fauntleroy, Ensign Robert Beale

6th Virginia Regiment (Col. Mordecai Buckner) – 191

Colonel Lawson, Major Richard Parker, Ensign James Barnett, George Blakey, William Montgomery

Brigadier General Hugh Mercer’s Brigade 838

Major John Armstrong, aide to Gen. Mercer

20th Continental (Connecticut) Regiment (Col. John Durkee) – 313

Sergeant Nathaniel Root

Smallwood’s Maryland Regiment (Lt. Col. John Stone) – 163

Captain Maynard, Cornelius Wells

27th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Israel Hutchinson) – 115

Col. Philip Burr

Bradley’s Battalion, Connecticut State Troops – 142

Philemon Baldwin

Maryland & Virginia Rifle Battalion Volunteers (Capt. David Harris) – 105

2nd Maryland Regiment (Col. Stewart)

John Boudy

Brigadier General Matthias Alexis Roche de Fermoy’s Brigade – 638

1st Pennsylvania Rifle Regiment (Col.Edward Hand) – 254

Capt. Henry Miller, Jacob Bottomer, George Tilson

German Battalion [4 MD and 4 PA companies] (Col. Nicholas Hausegger) – 374

Major Ludowick Weltner, Conrad Beam

Colonel John Glover’s Brigade – 977

Glover’s Marblehead (Massachusetts) Regiment

(On January 1, 1777, this would be designated at the 14^th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment) – (Col. John Glover) - 177

Captain William Blackler, Captain Theophilus Munson

3rd Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Ebenezer Learned) - 217

John Dewey

19th Continental (Connecticut) Regiment (Col. Charles Webb) - 216

Captain William Hull, Lieutenant Elisha Bostwick

23rd Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. John Bailey) - 146

26th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Loammi Baldwin) - 221

Moses Smith

Colonel Paul Dudley Sargent’s Brigade – 827

16th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Paul Dudley Sargent) - 152

Oliver Corey, Jacob Francis, David How, Ebenezer White

Col. Andrew Ward’s Continental (Connecticut) Regiment - 157

6th Battalion, Connecticut State Troops (Col. John Chester) - 260

13th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (Col. Joseph Read) - 122

Captain Oliver Pond, Christopher Burlingame

1st New York Continental Regiment (Capt John Johnston) - 56

3rd New York Continental Regiment (Lt. Col. Baron Friedrich von Weisenfels) - 80

Brigadier General Arthur St. Clair’s Brigade – 500

5th Continental Regiment (formerly 1st New Hampshire) (Col. John Stark)

William Chamberlin

8th Continental Regiment (formerly 2nd New Hampshire) (Col. Enoch Poor)

2nd Continental Regiment (formerly 3rd New Hampshire) (Lt. Col. Israel Gilman)

15th Continental (Massachusetts) Regiment (all field officers absent)

Rev. David Avery, Sergeant Madden, John Greenwood

Colonel Henry Knox’s Regiment of Continental Artillery (Colonel Henry Knox)– 418

New York Company of Continental Artillery (Capt. Sebastian Baumann) 3 guns - 85

Massachusetts Company of Continental Artillery (Capt. Lt. Winthrop Sargent) 2 guns – 55

Lt. Samuel Shaw

New York State Company of Artillery (Capt. Alexander Hamilton) 2 guns – 36

Eastern Company, New Jersey State Artillery (Capt. Daniel Neil) 2 guns – 63

Western Company, New Jersey State Artillery (Capt. Samuel Hugg) 2 guns – 55

Hosea Husted

2nd Company, Pennsylvania State Artillery (Capt. Thomas Forrest) 2 brass mounted 6-pounders – 52

Lieutenant Patrick Duffy, Sergeant Joseph White

2nd Company of Artillery, Philadelphia Associators (Capt. Joseph Moulder)

3 guns – 85

Second Lieutenant Anthony Cuthbert, Sergeant Godfrey, Zebulon Applegate

Captain John Flahaven’s First New Jersey Regiment –

A recruiting company of the Flahaven had been commissioned December 15, 1776 had about 40 men.

First Troop Philadelphia Light Horse

Captain Samuel Morris, Cornet John Dunlap, Corporal James Hunter

First Hunterdon County Militia Regiment - men detailed to be guides on the night march to Trenton - c25 Captain John Mott, Commanding

Individuals from disbanded Continental regiments from Fort Ticonderoga

Captain John Polehemus

Individual local Pennsylvania and New Jersey militiamen caught in the confusion of the time and not connected with their normal companies. John Burrowes

American Troops near Trenton Ferry – December 25, 1776

Ewing’s Brigade, Pennsylvania Militia of the Flying Camp – 826

Cumberland County Regiment (Col. Frederick Watts)

Lancaster County Regiment (Col. Jacob Klotz)

Cumberland County Regiment (Col. William Montgomery)

York County Regiment (Col. Richard McCallister)

Chester County Regiment (Col. James Moore??)

Colonel Evans, Major Bell, Captain Thomas Strawbridge, Hugh Coppell, William Hutchinson, David Jackson, James Johnston, William McCracken

Bucks County Regiment (Col. Joseph Hart)

(Colonels Watts, Montgomery, and McCallister were captured at Fort Washington and were prisoners in New York.)

Captain Jehu Eyre’s Pennsylvania militia artillery company - 67

Dickinson’s Brigade (Brig. Gen. Philemon Dickinson) – 500

1st Burlington County Militia Regiment (Col. Joseph Borden)

2nd Burlington County Militia Regiment (Lt. Col. Thomas Reynolds)

1st Hunterdon County Militia Regiment (Col. Isaac Smith)

Lt. Col Abraham Hunt, Major Joseph Phillips, Captain Joseph Brearley, Captain John Mott, Captain Benjamin Van Cleve, First Lieutenant Elias Hunt, James B. Green, Levy Hart, David Lanning, Joab Mershon, Titus Mershon, William Morris, Elias Phillips, John Phillips, John Stevens

2nd Hunterdon County Militia Regiment (Col. Nathaniel Hunt)

3rd Hunterdon County Militia Regiment (Col. David Chambers)

4th Hunterdon County Militia Regiment (Col. John Mehelm)

Small units of militia from other counties

American Troops at Bristol – December 25, 1776

Cadwalader’s Brigade, Pennsylvania Associators (Colonel John Cadwalader) – 1500

Morgan’s Regiment, 1st Battalion Philadelphia Militia (Col. Jacob Morgan)

Major Joseph Cowperthwaite, Ensign Anthony Morris

Bayard’s Regiment, 2nd Battalion Philadelphia Militia (Col. John Bayard)

Ensign Philip Hagner, Robert Wright

Cadwalader’s Regiment, 3rd Battalion Philadelphia Militia (Lt. Col. John Nixon) Sergeant William Young, John Hood, John Keen

Matlack’s Rifle Battalion, Philadelphia Militia (Col. Timothy Matlack)

Dover (Kent County, Delaware) Light Infantry Company (

Captain Thomas Rodney) Lieutenant Mark McCall, Sergeant McKnatt, Mark Coudratt, Jonathan Lowber, Martinas Sipple, Nehemiah Tilton